Difference of a component diagram from a class diagram

A class diagram shows the static features of the system but do not represent any particular processing. It is also present the nature of the relationship between each class.

A component diagram is similar to a class diagram but then it is more detailed one compares other UML Diagrams. Why? It is because of some reasons; first, this diagram shows every component of the system from a class file to a database and further; second, the same characteristic with a class diagram it shows how every component are related to each other.

A component is a distributable unit of software.

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The component diagram allows you to combine deployment nodes with components to show which components run on each node (i.e. hardware).

Source: http://www.visualcase.com/kbase/component_diagram.htm